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<P>The construction electricity technology development, is along with the construction technology development, the electrical science and technology development but synchronization. In particular along with the information technology development, like the computer technology, the control technology, the digital technology, the demonstration technology, the network technology as well as the modern communication development, caused the building electricity technology to realize the leap development. Since the reform and open policy, with on international has carried on the widespread technological exchange, on the international many advanced new products, the new technology unceasingly enter the China construction market, causes the building electricity profession to step out to be new step. At the end of the 70's, the construction profession is one of our country big pillar industries, the construction electricity specialized is at the non- standard standard, the non- technical periodical, the not specialized academic society, the non- scientific research institution, the non- information exchange condition, this and the state economy development is very not symmetric. Construction electricity specialized existence above question does not solve, the potential essential tows the construction profession the hind leg. After the short several year time, this situation obtained huge having a new look. The universities, colleges and institutes successively specialized open in the electrical automation with the construction electricity related foundation curriculum; Established the Chinese construction academic society to construct the electrical academic committee, the national construction electricity design technological cooperation and the information hands over the drift net, publishes "the Construction Electricity" the magazine, a sign "Construction Electricity Design Technology Regulations" also promulgated in 83 years. In order to construct the electrical specialized design next development to build the solid foundation, became impels the building profession synchronization development the power. Various provinces and cities one after another have also established the corresponding academic organization in this foundation, for this local construction electricity development and the progress great effort, through the introduction, in the exchange construction electricity design new technology, had achieved the raise in office general technical personnel service enhances a fruitful way. Along with reform and open policy unceasingly thorough, with the international technical contact, the cooperation is even more frequent, after the 70's last stages Nanjing Jinling hotel opening remarks high-rise construction domestic and foreign cooperations design precedent, in places such as <st1:State w:st="on">Guangdong</st1:State>, Shenzhen, <st1:City w:st="on">Shanghai</st1:City>, <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Beijing</st1:place></st1:City> one after another has constructed one batch of high-rise constructions one after another. Some are cooperates the design, some is the domestic designing department independently completes. The general designing department in abundance felt the construction electricity technology the development speed is quick, is we closes the borders and practice isolationism the such many years institute initial expectations to be inferior to. We may review reform and open policy initial period construction zone the situation, the country are close to Hong Kong and Macao the coastal city to take the reform and open policy the window, the national many provinces and cities construction design institutes by open the branch, the company in the coastal special zone took understands new technical the window. This kind of action, in truly played at that time the good role, caused us further to see own disparity, also gradually has found out the overseas construction electricity development situation. Through with the overseas colleague's exchange, introduces the new product, the new technology uses to construct. Promoted and sped up our country construction electricity technology progress. After many years development, along with the capital construction advancement, the construction electricity technology obtained the full development in the national scope. South Xiaoping Comrade patrolled in particular after 1992 the speech, the process brought order out of chaos, recognizes the direction, the national capital construction situation lasted more than ten years, by the tendency which focuses attention on the world continues high speed to develop, enable the building electricity profession to have the considerable progress. The construction electricity including the strong electricity and the weak electricity two parts, the strong electricity partial designs content mainly includes: Changes the electrical power distribution system, the electric power and the lighting system, the anti-radar earth system and so on. Generally speaking, in the construction changes the electrical power distribution system mainly to include: High and low pressure system, transformer, emergency power supply system and so on; The electrical power system mainly includes the electrical power system power distribution and the control; The lighting system includes inside and outside the room each kind of illumination; Anti-radar earth system including anti-radar electric wave invasion, anti-radar , earth, equipotential joint and partial equipotential joint, assistance equipotential joint and so on. In this short more than 20 years, these systems technologies and the product have had the huge change, many designs ideas have also had the huge change along with it. For example in the high tension system high-voltage switch cabinet, its most early uses the circuit breaker is an oil circuit breaker, latter gradually develops the few oil circuit breakers, not only the volume is big, moreover does not protect from fire. Disposes the high-voltage switch cabinet volume is big, but also must independently establish in own compartmentedly in, has taken the very big floor space. Now uses vacuum circuit-breaker and SF6 circuit breaker, not only volume small, moreover short-circuits the capacity also high, the cabinet body size has been also smaller than the original cabinet many, because the circuit breaker does not have any oil, the fire protection performance greatly enhances, and may altogether set at in a room with other low pressure equipment, both has saved the space, and has facilitated the management. The low-voltage circuit-breaker from past volume big, short-circuited the capacity slightly to develop the big electric current, the high score breaks the ability, the volume slightly, the performance stable, causes the system safely reliable, and brought to the design has been convenient. The recent years low-voltage circuit-breaker faces the intellectualized direction to develop, may the circuit breaker many kinds of parameters through the industry control bus, directly transmit the signal for the computer. The doing -like transformer appearance, has brought enormous convenient for the construction electricity design, because does not exist because the transformer oil divulges has the fire possibility, enables it to be allowed conveniently to establish in building in, directly penetrates into the load center. Moreover also eliminated in the construction to the oil transformer capacity limit, in the construction the doing -like transformer has been allowed to use large capacity. In once has designed in the project, has used 4 2500kVA doing -like transformer. The emergency power supply uses the power set, looked from its performance and the volume that, all had the past is very greatly progressive than. Besides uses the diesel oil power set in the project, took the emergency lighting, may use EPS, regarding permission severance power supply in millisecond level equipment, then may use UPS. The power equipment control, solely continued the electricity control from past to move towards the automatic control outside, except each kind of primary device performance better, the volume was small, causes the control box body volume to reduce, mainly was because has used the numeral technical control, caused to control the equipment to be at the optimizing control condition, further has achieved the energy conservation effect. The lighting engineering was is unitary, in the photosource from the past photosource and the lamps and lanterns efficiency low condition moved towards a broader prospect. At present photosource which uses in the construction, has the many kinds of varieties to be possible to supply the choice, the photosource to face the luminous efficiency high, the light color is being good, the colored index high direction develops, the lamps and lanterns also unceasingly are enhancing its efficiency and the form, favor each kind of different situation the application. The photosource appendix, for example uses in the fluorescent lamp ballast, developed from the past ordinary inductance type ballast to the energy conservation inductance ballast, the electronic ballast, moreover in view of the harmonic component size, produced the low overtone electron ballast. The multitudinous photosource, the appendix and the lamps and lanterns, can satisfiedly design personnel's each kind of choice and the design, and fully satisfies each kind of building, each kind of place to the illumination request. No matter is in the room work illumination or the decorative lighting, no matter is the path and garden outside illuminates or the building flood lighting, does not have one did not demonstrate the illumination technology the development the convenience and the advantage which brings for the construction illumination. Moreover other installments and equipment which uses in the electrical design, for example the double power source mutually cuts mutually throws the switch, also moved towards the specialized production from the traditional product, besides satisfies conventional the power source cut, but also appeared has been able to satisfy the electronic installation double power source mutually to throw, can product which in mutually threw in 1/4 power sources, greatly enhanced the power supply reliability and the continuity. The power supply cable and the wire constructs the product which in electricity massively uses. The examination past electric cable and the wire sample, its variety appeared deficiently, but the present, each kind of cable line unceasingly promotes, to anti- burnt from the ordinary PVC cable line, is fireproof, the low smoke non- halogen exposure environmental protection cable line; Expects the mineral insulation from the ordinary insulation; From ordinary insulation generatrix to enclosed generatrix, pre- branching cable and so on. These technologies for the construction electricity security, reliable, were convenient, the environmental protection have provided the powerful safeguard. In view of the special construction power distribution demand, some new installments also obtain the widespread application. For example the large-scale hospital operating room uses the medical place the leakage protection, surplus electric current supervisory system and so on. The strong electricity system technological development, is the general engineers and technicians is obvious to all, also is our institute by oneself experience. The so huge development, has laid the good foundation for our country construction electricity construction, also used electricity for the construction security has created the condition. Along with the construction intellectualization technology deepened application, some equipment or the system control, gradually moves towards by the specialized control system carries on the monitoring, and opens its correspondence agreement to the construction equipment supervisory system, achieved the interconnection between the system and exchanges. For example the building electric power automatic monitoring system, uses the field bus technology realization data acquisition and processing, the centralism carries on the monitoring, achieved to changes the electrical power distribution system the telemetering, , the remote control and the remote letter, the realization changes the substation nobody value to defend. The system can unceasingly carry on gathering and the analysis, produces the essential prompt or the warning ahead of time, is advantageous for the system safe operation. The electric power automatic monitoring system uses the computer technology, the data processing technology, the control technology, the technology, the correspondence network technology, the electric power electronic technology and so on, but basically substitutes for traditional the secondary circuit, has the wiring simply, the performance reliable, is easy to maintain and so on the merit. At the same time, second consumes energy the big household lighting system energy conservation control to the building in also to start generally to take, the specialized illumination control system is widely applied in many buildings. The illumination control mode by the sole time cut-out control to the real-time induction control, reduces aspect and so on light control develops. In addition, the scene control, the remote control control, the scene control and so on the many kinds of nimble control mode, while maximum limit realizes energy </P> |
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