办公建筑电气系统能效研究分析

孟焕平 龙海珊 吴   斌（湖南省建筑设计院集团有限公司，长沙市　410012）

Research and Analysis of Energy Efficiency of Electrical System in Office Building

MENG Huanping LONG Haishan WU Bin

（Hunan Architectural Design Institute Group Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410012，China）

Abstract：China’s current electrical industry in building generally pays attention to the energy efficiency of a single device from design to operation,

ignoring the overall operation energy efficiency of the electrical system of the building,and there is no operating energy efficiency standard for the electrical system of the building. In order to understand the actual operation energy efficiency of the electrical system of the office building,the sub‑item energy consumption proportion of the actual operation of the system,non‑heating energy consumption index,system operation load index,power factor,harmonic and other main indexes are given through research and analysis according to the measured data of the office building energy consumption. In addition,the causes of large harmonic and capacitive reactive power in the office building are analyzed and solutions are put forward. What’s more,the suggestions on the value of transformer installation capacity index of office building are given,and the problems that need to be considered and solved in the electrical design of office building are put forward.

Key words：energy efficiency;energy consumption index;load rate;load density;total harmonic distortion;power factor;capacitive load;energy consumption monitoring system

摘　要：我国目前建筑电气行业从设计到运行普遍关注单台设备能效，忽视建筑物电气系统整体运行能效，也无建筑物内电气系统运行能效标准。为了解办公建筑电气系统实际运行能效情况，根据办公建筑能耗实测数据，通过研究分析给出系统实际运行分项能耗占比、非供暖能耗指标、系统运行负荷指标、功率因数、谐波等主要指标，分析办公建筑谐波大及容性无功产生的原因并提出解决方案，给出办公建筑变压器安装容量指标的取值建议，同时提出办公建筑电气设计需要思考和解决的问题。

关键词：能效；能耗指标；负载率；负荷密度；总谐波畸变率；功率因数；容性负载；能耗监测系统

中图分类号：TU201.5  　　  　  文献标识码：A

doi：10.3969 / j. issn.1003 － 8493.2021.11.001