电动自行车电气火灾高发原因分析与防控建议

丁宏军（应急管理部沈阳消防研究所，沈阳市 110034）

Cause Analysis and Control Suggestions of High Frequency of Electrical Fire Occurrence to E‑bikes

DING Hongjun（Shenyang Fire Science and Technology Research Institute of MEM,Shenyang 110034，China）

Abstract：This paper analyzes several main causes of high frequency of electrical fire occurrence to E‑bikes:the vehicle and battery are old,the fire prevention performances of vehicle battery assembly,protection device,instrument,and lighting don’t conform to the requirements of national standards,the flame retardance of solid non‑metallic materials doesn’t conform to the requirements of national standards,the charger doesn’t match with the storage battery,problems exist in the safety performance of non‑original storage battery pack,and the safety awareness of the vehicle owner is inadequate,etc. This paper proposes the fire control suggestions of E‑bikes at key links such as charging and after‑sales,etc.

Key words：E‑bikes;fire control;charger;storage battery;charging;battery swapping;flame retardance;fire performance

摘　要：分析电动自行车火灾高发的几点主要原因：车辆及蓄电池老化，车辆电池组盒、保护装置、仪表、灯具防火性能不符合国家标准要求，固体非金属材料阻燃性能不符合国家标准要求，充电器与蓄电池组不匹配，非原装蓄电池组安全性能存在问题，以及车主安全意识不足等；提出电动自行车在充电、售后等关键环节火灾防控建议。

关键词：电动自行车；火灾防控；充电器；蓄电池；充电；换电；阻燃性能；防火性能

中图分类号：TU892      　　  　  文献标识码：A

doi：10.3969 / j. issn.1003 － 8493.2022.05.001