典型建筑配电网的谐波分布与危害分析

李   瑞 聂云良（应急管理部沈阳消防研究所，沈阳市 110034）

Harmonic Distribution of Typical Building Distribution Network and Hazard Analysis

LI Rui NIE Yunliang（Shenyang Fire Science and Technology

Research Institute of MEM,Shenyang 110034，China）

Abstract：Typical building distribution networks are taken as the research objects to analyze the causes and hazards of harmonic generation in building distribution networks. The experimental methods are adopted to carry out harmonic measurement of distribution networks in commercial complexes,medical facilities,and large‑scale lighting facilities to obtain harmonic distribution in typical building locations. The results show that the degree of current distortion is very serious,mainly consisting of 3rd,5th and 7th harmonics,in buildings where modern power electronic devices are used on a large scale. Harmonics cannot be eradicated even if reactive power compensation equipment is used,posing greater safety hazards.

Key words：electrical fire;modern electrical loads;harmonic current;building distribution network;current distortion;harmonic distribution;reactive power compensation;harmonic monitoring

摘　要：以典型建筑配电网为研究对象，分析建筑配电网中产生谐波的原因与危害。应用实验的手段，针对商业综合体、医疗场所和大规模照明场所展开配电网谐波测量，得到典型建筑场所中的谐波分布。其结果表明：在大规模使用现代电力电子设备的建筑场所，电流的畸变程度十分严重，主要以3次、5次、7次谐波为主，即使投入无功补偿设备也无法根治谐波，存在较大的安全隐患。

关键词：电气火灾；现代电气负荷；谐波电流；建筑配电网；电流畸变；谐波分布；无功补偿；谐波监控

中图分类号：TU852                　  文献标识码：A

doi：10.3969 / j. issn.1003 － 8493.2023.06.003