医疗建筑电能质量分析与治理*

杨 皞（中国建筑西南设计研究院有限公司，成都市 610042）

莫理莉（华南理工大学建筑设计研究院有限公司，广州市 510640）

李宇飞（中国建筑西南设计研究院有限公司，成都市 610042）

陈志忠（广州市设计院集团有限公司，广州市 510600）

Analysis and Control of Power Quality in Medical Buildings*

YANG Hao(China Southwest Architectural Design and Research Institute Corp. Ltd,Chengdu 610042，China)

MO Lili(Architectural Design & Research Institute of SCUT Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510640，China)

LI Yufei(China Southwest Architectural Design and Research Institute Corp. Ltd.,Chengdu 610042，China)

CHEN Zhizhong(Guangzhou Design Institute Group Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510600，China)

Abstract：Most electric equipment are nonlinear devices in medical buildings. In recent years,medical building users often reported such problems as high harmonic content,inability to operate reactive power compensation devices,burning‑out of capacitor compensation devices,ineffective harmonic control after operation of active filtering devices,easy burning of lamps,abnormal temperature rise of transformer and high noise in the distribution system of medical buildings,which have seriously affected normal operation of medical buildings. So,the power quality data,such as power performance,harmonic characteristics,frequency offset,voltage unbalance,voltage fluctuation and voltage deviation at the low‑voltage bus of a typical equipment and substation in a medical building in Chongqing,have been analyzed and summarized to analyze the power quality problems of medical buildings and put forward suggestions for power quality control,in order to improve the design level of medical buildings,optimize the power distribution system of medical buildings and provide some suggestions to reduce losses caused by power quality issues during later operation.

Key words：medical building;power quality;power performance;harmonic characteristics;harmonic control;reactive power compensation;voltage flicker;voltage deviation

摘　要：医疗建筑的大量用电设备是非线性设备，近年来医疗建筑用户时常反映医疗建筑配电系统中存在谐波含量高、无功补偿装置无法投入、电容补偿装置发生烧毁、有源滤波装置投入使用后谐波治理效果不明显、灯具容易烧毁、变压器温升异常和噪声大等问题，严重影响医疗建筑的正常运行。对重庆某医疗建筑的典型设备和变电房低压母线处功率特性、谐波特性、频率偏移、电压不平衡度、电压波动和电压偏差等电能质量数据进行分析与总结，以此分析医疗建筑电能质量问题并提出电能质量治理建议，为提高医疗建筑设计水平、优化医疗建筑配电系统、减少后期运行中因电能质量问题造成损失提供一些建议。

关键词：医疗建筑；电能质量；功率特性；谐波特性；谐波治理；无功补偿装置；电压闪变；电压偏差

中图分类号：TU246                　  文献标识码：A

doi：10.3969 / j. issn.1003 － 8493.2023.06.002